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This document specifies mechanical and physical properties of flat washers, designed to be used in bolted joints in combination with bolts, screws, studs and nuts with a specified property class in accordance with ISO 898-1 and ISO 898-2. NOTE 1 These types of washers can also be used with other fasteners such as screws forming their own mating thread. Washers that conform to the requirements of this document are evaluated at an ambient temperature range of 10 °C to 35 °C. They might not retain the specified mechanical and physical properties at elevated temperatures and/or lower temperatures. NOTE 2 Washers conforming to the requirements of this document are used in applications ranging from -50 °C to +150 °C. Users are advised to consult an experienced fastener expert for temperatures outside this range and up to a maximum temperature of +300 °C when determining appropriate choices, or for critical applications. This document is applicable to the following flat captive and non-captive washers made of carbon steel or alloy steel, with thickness from 0,2 mm to 12 mm: — plain washers (with or without knurls, ribs or chamfers); — square washers; — square hole washers; — shaped plates. It does not specify requirements for the following properties: — corrosion resistance; — weldability.