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1.1 This guide presents a series of options regarding data collection, data management, and information delivery and reporting associated with oil and gas development involving hydraulic fracturing. Options presented for data management and reporting are intended to improve the transparent information exchange between three primary stakeholder groups: operators, regulators, and the public. Improved information exchange is expected to enhance public understanding of oil and gas development.

1.2 Suggestions contained in this guide may not be applicable in all circumstances. This guide is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service should be judged, nor should this guide be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means that the document has been approved through the ASTM process.

1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

5.1 Limitations of Guide—This guide is for use by stakeholders involved with collecting, managing, reporting, and delivering data during oil and gas development operations using hydraulic fracturing. Some data collected for operational and business concerns regarding hydraulic fracturing is classified as proprietary and can be classified as such by individual operators based on state regulatory conditions. Accordingly, this guide will not address the collection, management, and reporting of proprietary operator data other than to note that significant benefits may be achieved by narrowing the classification of proprietary data, and standardizing the definition of “proprietary data” between regulators. Regulators’ interests in data vary widely based upon a specific agency’s charter, statutory/legislative mandates, legacy requirements, and considerations relating to operator compliance. Depending upon jurisdictional boundaries, multiple regulatory agencies generally have statutory responsibilities regarding oil and gas development operations. These agencies properly determine what information will be collected based on agency specific responsibilities. Accordingly, this guide will not address the selection of data elements to be collected by regulatory agencies other than to note that significant efficiencies may be achieved by using integrated or common, interagency, data management processes, protocols, systems, and best practices and by reviewing data collection activities against those of sister agencies to minimize gaps and overlaps.

5.2 Oil and gas development operations include the entire well life cycle, as shown in Fig. 1.

FIG. 1 Phases of Oil and Gas Development Operations Well Life Cycle

5.3 This guide distinguishes the term hydraulic fracturing from oil and gas development operations. Many consider the terms interchangeable. The industry typically refers to hydraulic fracturing as the explicit act of pressurizing a well in a shale formation to fracture that formation and release oil and gas. However, the public commonly views hydraulic fracturing as the life cycle of activities used to extract oil and gas from shale formations, which include the process of hydraulic fracturing those formations. Hydraulic fracturing is a specific method for stimulating horizontal, vertical, or slanted oil and gas wells that typically only lasts a few days, whereas oil and gas development operations could continue for decades and may include multiple hydraulic fracturing events.

5.4 Implementation of Guide—This guide does not prescribe policy actions, but provides technical suggestions data producers and managers should consider when developing or enhancing data management and reporting mechanisms to satisfy the needs of end users and the public. Stakeholders may implement suggestions presented in this guide as a means of aligning data objectives and supporting improved data analysis and processes. Data management and reporting processes should be periodically evaluated and improvements made to address ongoing stakeholder requirements and needs.

5.5 Data reported to the public should be relevant, timely, accessible, accurate, and verifiable. Unfortunately, in some instances, relevant data are not being collected, received, or stored by the regulatory agencies in a form that allows effective and timely access by the public.

5.6 Anticipated Benefits Expected from the Use of This Guide—Increase public information access by providing stakeholders a self-service area or portal to view accurate and consolidated information regarding oil and gas development operations;