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This document specifies minimum requirements for concentrates used for haemodialysis and related therapies. This document is addressed to the manufacturer of such concentrates. In several instances in this document, the dialysis fluid is addressed, which is made by the end user, to help clarify the requirements for manufacturing concentrates. Because the manufacturer of the concentrate does not have control over the final dialysis fluid, any reference to dialysis fluid is for clarification and is not a requirement of the manufacturer. This document includes concentrates in both liquid and powder forms. It also includes additives, also called spikes, which are chemicals that can be added to the concentrate to supplement or increase the concentration of one or more of the existing ions in the concentrate and thus in the final dialysis fluid. This document also specifies requirements for equipment used to mix acid and bicarbonate powders into concentrate at the user's facility. Concentrates prepared from pre-packaged salts and water at a dialysis facility for use in that facility are excluded from the scope of this document. Although references to dialysis fluid appear herein, this document does not address dialysis fluid as made by the end user. This document also excludes requirements for the surveillance frequency of water purity used for the making of dialysis fluid by the dialysis facility. This document does not address bags of sterile dialysis fluid or sorbent dialysis fluid regeneration systems that regenerate and recirculate small volumes of the dialysis fluid. This document does not cover the dialysis fluid that is used to clinically dialyse patients. Dialysis fluid is covered in ISO 23500-5. The making of dialysis fluid involves the proportioning of concentrate and water at the bedside or in a central dialysis fluid delivery system. Although the label requirements for dialysis fluid are placed on the labelling of the concentrate, it is the user's ...