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This Technical Report gives guidelines for the laboratory refining of various pulps intended for paper production including:- unifying terms and parameters for the simulation of industrial refining processes and laboratory refiners;- treating pulp samples in a (semi) continuous operation in contrast to quasi-stationary laboratory beating equipment such as the PFI mill or Valley Hollander;- evaluation of chemical market pulps under close-to-reality conditions in terms of refining intensity and refining energy consumption;- optimizing of fibre furnishes in terms of cost, quality, and energy requirements;- this Technical Report only considers refiners operating at low consistency.