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1.1 This test method is used to rheologically determine the degree of silanization in a silica filled compound. Silanization is the chemical reaction related to covering the silica surface with organosilanes for a better incorporation of silica into rubber. Bifunctional silanes can provide coupling between silica and rubber for enhanced rubber reinforcement.

1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

5.1 This test method is based on the Payne Effect. It is a reasonable approach to evaluate the compound’s filler-network formation to quantify the degree of silanization in a silica-filled rubber using a rotorless oscillating shear rheometer for the measurement of the strain softening.

5.2 This test is based on silane’s capability to suppress silica filler network formation (flocculation) and correlates this behavior to the resultant degree of silanization.

5.3 The optimal mixing conditions can be selected based on the silanization/property correlations to give desired compound properties. The degree of silanization quantified by this test method is used for controlling and predicting compound properties regardless of the mixing scheme or equipment, or both.